How On-Screen Vision Testing Works: Calibration and Letter Sizing
AnyTool Vision & Eye Test computes everything in the browser. The core problem with any on-screen acuity check is that a Snellen letter is defined by the visual angle it subtends — a 20/20 letter spans 5 arc-minutes at the test distance — so the tool must render it at a precise physical size. It solves this with a two-part calibration: the user drags an on-screen outline to match a standard ID-1 bank card (exactly 85.6 mm wide) to derive the screen’s pixels-per-millimetre, then picks a viewing distance. For each 20/D acuity line the engine converts the line’s total angle (5 × D/20 arc-minutes) to a physical height with height = 2 · distance · tan(angle ⁄ 2), then to pixels using the calibrated px/mm. The letters are generated locally — no images are downloaded — and reported with logMAR and 6/x metric equivalents.
- A 20/20 letter subtends 5 arc-minutes; a 20/D line subtends 5 × D/20
- Calibration matches an on-screen outline to a 85.6 mm ID-1 card → px/mm
- Letter height = 2 · distance · tan(angle ⁄ 2), then × px/mm to pixels
- A chosen viewing distance fixes the second unknown in the sizing
- Optotypes are generated in-browser — no images, nothing uploaded
